The demographic face of Haiti has undergone great changes since its founding as a colony by France in 1697. When Christopher Columbus arrived, and his conquistadors on the island by the Spanish in 1492, has a large number of indigenous peoples to collectively as the Tainos and Arawacks been known. These people had in their millions. At the time of Christopher Columbus and his successors completed the pacification of the Spanish Ayti Taino population was reduced by a few hundred people. For if the French took over the third part of the Spanish renamed Saint-Domingue, the total elimination of the Taino people from slavery and genocide by the Spanish conquerors, it has become necessary for the French to replace the massive importation of black Africans, the Tainos Arawacks and as slaves in their plantations.
The arrival of black Africans is the first major change in the demographic face of Haiti caused. In the mid-18th Century Anno Domino, was the demographic profile of the colony of Santo Domingo something like this: the white settlers twenty-five thousand, the mulattoes, forty thousand, and black Africans, five hundred thousand. The rest of the Taino and Arawacks had been treated by the other two ethnic groups, whites and Africans. In the late eighteenth century, the war of independence, and changed the demographic face of the colony of black population. With the virtual elimination of French and other peoples of Europe to Santo Domingo, the population consists mainly of people of African descent, and his brothers mulatto.
The demographic face of Haiti has for much of the nineteenth century on, although there was a steady increase in population through natural reproduction. The proportion of black Cubans in the mixed population was about one to ten. The white population, although this is insignificant compared to the other two groups, Afro-Cubans. Beginning of the twentieth century, the introduction of industries in Haiti to the gradual influx of entrepreneurs who were mostly white led Americans and Europeans. Then the tide turned in the opposite direction. The arrival of the Duvalier dynasty in politics has changed the landscape of Haiti population again. The oppressive nature of “Papa Doc Duvalier’s regime has” a massive exodus of Haitians who opposed him in the lead.
The situation reached its climax in the sixties and seventies, when the Haitians have left the island in the mass found with a floating device in the Caribbean ferry sharks. Of course, most of these ships were called were not worthy of the sea Too many of these ships were sunk in the sea, rescued some of the lucky survivors off the coast of Florida in United States Coast Guard. Most migrants were mulattoes. They were generally well-educated professional looking for a better life in the continental United States and Canada. The massive influx of Haitian mulattoes, amended the country’s population of black racial proportions again. The situation has not changed since then.
Demographics of Haiti today.
Today, approximately eighty-five percent of all Haitians mostly of African origin. The remaining five percent of the population is mostly mulatto, or mixed Caucasian African descent. There are Haitians European heritage. Among the persons of mixed origin in Haiti are those whose stories can Arawack to the results of the natives of the island, the relations with the Spanish and may have attributed to be identified by African slaves before their final disappearance, with the first deliveries. Genetic studies are underway to determine the exact number of ethnic Taino, both within and outside Haiti. Some of the Taino and Arawack groups are at the forefront of attempts to revive moribund Taino culture and reaffirm their rich heritage.
The population of Haiti, which now has more than eight million inhabitants, covers an area of about 27,750 kilometers or 10.714 square miles square. The average population density of less than three hundred persons per square kilometer and a half or seven people per square kilometer. However, the population most in urban areas, coastal plains and valleys is concentrated. This result is largely mountainous live Haiti. The concentration of the highest population density in and around major cities such as pot-au-Prince, Les Cayes, and some other cities has caused severe environmental degradation in these cities and surrounding areas.
The cities are surrounded by slums that most poor neighborhoods and lack of proper planning. The houses in these slums are poor, most of them built with logs and scrap of cardboard. No good roads. There is no running water or electricity. About Forty-one percent of all Haitians lack access to drinking water. The air in these slums are heavily polluted by smoke from wood cooking fires. Ninety percent of all food is with wood. The result of this high dependence on wood as fuel, is that most of Haiti forests were destroyed, and lush meadows, once they are deserts of desolation.
The main languages are Creole and French. The vast majority of people speak Creole, while the formation, only few people can speak, read and write in French. The illiteracy rate in Haiti is too high. More than fifty-five per cent of adult illiterates are complete, for fifteen almost fifty percent of people over the years can neither read nor write. With a literacy rate of only forty-five percent, especially in the eighteen to thirty years, it is not surprising that Haiti often hreferred as essentially an illiterate. The high level of illiteracy among the adult population in Haiti is hreflected in the low level of skilled workers.
Other key statistics on the life of this once-proud country, give a depressing picture of a sad present and a bleak future. Unemployment is nearly sixty percent. Malnutrition is more than forty percent. With a doctor to patient ratio of one to four thousand, it is not surprising that the infant mortality rate in Haiti for more than ten percent of all children aged zero to five years. To make matters worse has destroyed the AIDS pandemic, life expectancy reduced average Haitian only fifty-one years. All men, particularly officials of world organizations such as the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), have to do by the World Bank and IMF more to help the once prosperous country to the nickname “The Jewel of the Antilles. ”

